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1. ÎÞ·¨Á¬½Óµ½±¾µØMySQL·þÎñÆ÷
MySQLÖг£¼ûµÄ¿Í»§»úµ½·þÎñÆ÷Á¬½Ó´íÎóÖ®Ò»ÊÇ“ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock’ (2)”¡£
ͼ1. ÎÞ·¨Á¬½Óµ½±¾µØMySQL·þÎñÆ÷
¸Ã´íÎó±íʾÖ÷»úϵͳÉÏûÓÐMySQL·þÎñÆ÷(mysqld)ÔÚÔËÐУ¬»òÕß³¢ÊÔÁ¬½Óµ½·þÎñÆ÷ʱָ¶¨ÁË´íÎóµÄUnixÌ×½Ó×ÖÎļþÃû»òTCP/IP¶Ë¿Ú¡£
½áºÏʹÓÃpsÃüÁîºÍgrepÃüÁ¼ì²éÊý¾Ý¿â·þÎñÆ÷Ö÷»úÉÏÃûΪmysqldµÄ½ø³Ì£¬ÒÔ´ËÈ·±£·þÎñÆ÷ÔÚÔËÐУ¬ÈçͼËùʾ¡£
- $ ps xa | grep mysqld | grep -v mysqld
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- $ sudo systemctl start mysql #Debian/Ubuntu
- $ sudo systemctl start mysqld #RHEL/CentOS/Fedora
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- $ sudo systemctl status mysql #Debian/Ubuntu
- $ sudo systemctl status mysqld #RHEL/CentOS/Fedora
ͼ2. ¼ì²éMySQL״̬
¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÉÏÊöÃüÁîµÄÊä³ö¿´³ö£¬MySQL·þÎñʧ°Ü¡£ÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔ³¢ÊÔÖØÐÂÆô¶¯£¬Ôٴμì²é״̬¡£
- $ sudo systemctl restart mysql
- $ sudo systemctl status mysql
ͼ3. ÖØÐÂÆô¶¯MySQL²¢Ñé֤״̬
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- $ ps xa | grep mysqld | grep -v mysqld
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- $ sudo netstat -tlpn | grep "mysql"
2. ÎÞ·¨Á¬½Óµ½MySQL·þÎñÆ÷
ÁíÒ»¸ö³£Óöµ½µÄÁ¬½Ó´íÎóÊÇ“(2003) Can’t connect to MySQL server on ‘server’ (10061)”£¬ÕâÒâζ×ÅÍøÂçÁ¬½Ó±»¾Ü¾ø¡£
ÔÚÕâÀÏȼì²éMySQL·þÎñÆ÷ÊÇ·ñÔÚϵͳÉÏÔËÐУ¬ÈçÉÏËùʾ¡£»¹ÒªÈ·±£·þÎñÆ÷ÒÑÆôÓÃÍøÂçÁ¬½Ó£¬ÓÃÓÚÁ¬½ÓµÄÍøÂç¶Ë¿ÚÊÇ·þÎñÆ÷ÉÏÅäÖõÄÄǸö¶Ë¿Ú¡£
ÊÔͼÁ¬½Óµ½MySQL·þÎñÆ÷ʱ¿ÉÄÜ»áÓöµ½µÄÆäËû³£¼û´íÎóÓУº
- ERROR 2003: Can't connect to MySQL server on 'host_name' (111)
- ERROR 2002: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (111)
ÕâЩ´íÎó±íÃ÷·þÎñÆ÷¿ÉÄÜÔÚÔËÐУ¬µ«ÄãÊÔͼʹÓÃÓбðÓÚ·þÎñÆ÷ÔÚÕìÌýµÄTCP/IP¶Ë¿Ú¡¢ÃüÃû¹ÜµÀ»òUnixÌ×½Ó×ÖÎļþÀ´½øÐÐÁ¬½Ó¡£
3. MySQLÖзÃÎʱ»¾Ü¾ø´íÎó
ÔÚMySQLÖУ¬Óû§ÕÊ»§ÊǸù¾ÝÓû§ÃûºÍÓû§Á¬½Óµ½·þÎñÆ÷ËùÓõĿͻ§»úÖ÷»ú»òÖ÷»úÀ´¶¨ÒåµÄ¡£´ËÍ⣬ÕÊ»§»¹¿ÉÄÜÓµÓÐÉí·ÝÑé֤ƾ¾Ý£¬±ÈÈçÃÜÂë¡£
ËäÈ»“·ÃÎʱ»¾Ü¾ø”´íÎóÓÐÐí¶à²»Í¬µÄÔÒò£¬µ«Ò»¸ö³£¼ûÔÒòÓë·þÎñÆ÷ÔÊÐí¿Í»§»ú³ÌÐòÔÚÁ¬½ÓʱʹÓõÄMySQLÕÊ»§Óйء£Ëü±íʾÁ¬½ÓÖÐÖ¸¶¨µÄÓû§ÃûûÓзÃÎÊÊý¾Ý¿âµÄȨÏÞ¡£
MySQLÔÊÐí´´½¨Ê¹¿Í»§»úÓû§Äܹ»Á¬½Óµ½·þÎñÆ÷²¢·ÃÎÊ·þÎñÆ÷¹ÜÀíµÄÊý¾ÝµÄÕÊ»§¡£ÔÚÕâ·½Ã棬Èç¹ûÄãÓöµ½·ÃÎʱ»¾Ü¾ø´íÎ󣬼ì²éÊÇ·ñÔÊÐíÓû§ÕÊ»§Í¨¹ýÄãËùʹÓõĿͻ§»ú³ÌÐòÁ¬½Óµ½·þÎñÆ÷¡£
¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÔËÐÐSHOW GRANTSÃüÁî²é¿´Ä³¸öÌض¨ÕÊ»§ÓµÓеÄȨÏÞ£¬ÈçͼËùʾ¡£
- > SHOW GRANTS FOR 'tecmint'@'localhost';
¿ÉÒÔÔÚMySQL shellÖÐʹÓÃÏÂÁÐÃüÁ½«Ìض¨Êý¾Ý¿âÉÏÌض¨Óû§µÄȨÏÞÊÚÓèÔ¶³ÌIPµØÖ·¡£
- > grant all privileges on *.test_db to 'tecmint'@'192.168.0.100';
- > flush privileges;
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4. ÓëMySQL·þÎñÆ÷µÄÁ¬½Ó¶Ï¿ª
ÓÉÓÚÏÂÁÐÔÒò£¬Äã¿ÉÄÜ»áÓöµ½¸Ã´íÎó£ºÍøÂçÁ¬½Ó²»Ô糩¡¢Á¬½Ó³¬Ê±»òBLOBÖµ³öÏÖÎÊÌâ(Öµ´óÓÚmax_allowed_packet)¡£Èç¹û³öÏÖÍøÂçÁ¬½ÓÎÊÌ⣬ȷ±£ÄãÓÐÁ¼ºÃµÄÍøÂçÁ¬½Ó£¬·ÃÎÊÔ¶³ÌÊý¾Ý¿â·þÎñÆ÷ʱÓÈΪÈç´Ë¡£
Èç¹ûÊÇÁ¬½Ó³¬Ê±ÎÊÌ⣬ÓÈÆäÊÇMySQLÊÔͼÓë·þÎñÆ÷³õʼÁ¬½Óʱ£¬¼Ó´óconnect_timeout²ÎÊýµÄÖµ¡£µ«ÊÇÈç¹ûBLOBÖµ´óÓÚmax_allowed_packet£¬ÐèÒªÔÚ/etc/my.cnf ÖеÄ[mysqld]»ò[client]²¿·ÖÏÂÃæΪmax_allowed_packetÉèÖøü¸ßµÄÖµ£¬ÈçͼËùʾ¡£
- [mysqld]
- connect_timeout=100
- max_allowed_packet=500M
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- > SET GLOBAL connect_timeout=100;
- > SET GLOBAL max_allowed_packet=524288000;
5. MySQLÁ¬½ÓÌ«¶à
Èç¹ûMySQL¿Í»§»úÓöµ½“Ì«¶àÁ¬½Ó”´íÎ󣬱íʾËùÓпÉÓÃÁ¬½Ó±»ÆäËû¿Í»§»úʹÓá£Á¬½ÓÊýÁ¿(ĬÈÏΪ151)ÓÉmax_connectionsϵͳ±äÁ¿¿ØÖÆ;¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÔÚ/etc/my.cnfÅäÖÃÎļþÖмӴóÖµ¡¢ÔÊÐí¸ü¶àÁ¬½ÓÀ´½â¾öÎÊÌâ¡£
- [mysqld]
- max_connections=1000
6. Òç³öÄÚ´æMySQL
Èç¹ûÄãʹÓÃMySQL¿Í»§»ú³ÌÐòÔËÐвéѯ£¬Óöµ½´íÎó£¬Òâζ×ÅMySQLûÓÐ×ã¹»µÄÄÚ´æÀ´´æ´¢Õû¸ö²éѯ½á¹û¡£
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- $ sudo apt-get install mysqltuner #Debian/Ubuntu
- $ sudo yum install mysqltuner #RHEL/CentOS/Fedora
- $ mysqltuner
ÏëÁ˽âMySQLÓÅ»¯ºÍÐÔÄܵ÷Óż¼ÇÉ£¬ÇëÔĶÁÎÒÃǵÄÎÄÕ£º¡¶15¸öʵÓõÄMySQL/MariaDBÐÔÄܵ÷ÕûºÍÓÅ»¯¼¼ÇÉ¡·(https://www.tecmint.com/mysql-mariadb-performance-tuning-and-optimization/)¡£
7. MySQL²»¶Ï±ÀÀ£
Èç¹ûÄãÓöµ½¸ÃÎÊÌ⣬Ӧ¸ÃÊÔ×ŲéÃ÷ÎÊÌâ¸ùÔ´ÊÇMySQL·þÎñÆ÷ÒÑËÀ»¹ÊÇ¿Í»§»ú´æÔÚÎÊÌâ¡£Çë×¢Ò⣬Ðí¶à·þÎñÆ÷±ÀÀ£ÊÇÓÉË𻵵ÄÊý¾ÝÎļþ»òË÷ÒýÎļþÒýÆðµÄ¡£
Äã¿ÉÒÔ¼ì²é·þÎñÆ÷״̬ÒÔÈ·¶¨Æô¶¯²¢ÔËÐÐÁ˶à¾Ã¡£
- $ sudo systemctl status mysql #Debian/Ubuntu
- $ sudo systemctl status mysqld #RHEL/CentOS/Fedora
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- $ sudo mysqladmin version -p
ͼ4. ²éÕÒMySQL·þÎñÆ÷µÄÕý³£ÔËÐÐʱ¼ä
ÆäËû½â¾ö·½°¸°üÀ¨µ«²»ÏÞÓÚÍ£Ö¹MySQL·þÎñÆ÷²¢ÆôÓõ÷ÊÔ£¬È»ºóÔÙ´ÎÆô¶¯·þÎñ¡£¿ÉÒÔ³¢ÊÔ´´½¨Ò»¸ö²âÊÔÓÃÀýÒÔ±ãÖØÏÖÎÊÌâ¡£´ËÍ⣬´ò¿ªÁíÒ»¸öÖն˴°¿Ú£¬²¢ÔËÐÐÏÂÁÐÃüÁÔÚÔËÐÐÆäËû²éѯʱÏÔʾMySQL½ø³ÌµÄͳ¼ÆÐÅÏ¢£º
- $ sudo mysqladmin -i 5 status
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- $ sudo mysqladmin -i 5 -r status
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