Maven 父（Super）POM

原创

陈不成i

修改于 2021-07-14 16:32:11

8920

修改于 2021-07-14 16:32:11

父（Super）POM是 Maven 默认的 POM。所有的 POM 都继承自一个父 POM（无论是否显式定义了这个父 POM）。父 POM 包含了一些可以被继承的默认设置。因此，当 Maven 发现需要下载 POM 中的依赖时，它会到 Super POM 中配置的默认仓库 http://repo1.maven.org/maven2 去下载。

Maven 使用 effective pom（Super pom 加上工程自己的配置）来执行相关的目标，它帮助开发者在 pom.xml 中做尽可能少的配置，当然这些配置可以被重写。

使用以下命令来查看 Super POM 默认配置：

mvn help:effective-pom

接下来我们创建目录 MVN/project，在该目录下创建 pom.xml，内容如下：

<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
    http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 
    <!-- 模型版本 -->
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <!-- 公司或者组织的唯一标志，并且配置时生成的路径也是由此生成， 如com.companyname.project-group，maven会将该项目打成的jar包放本地路径：/com/companyname/project-group -->
    <groupId>com.companyname.project-group</groupId>
 
    <!-- 项目的唯一ID，一个groupId下面可能多个项目，就是靠artifactId来区分的 -->
    <artifactId>project</artifactId>
 
    <!-- 版本号 -->
    <version>1.0</version>
</project>

在命令控制台，进入 MVN/project 目录，执行以下命令：

C:\MVN\project>mvn help:effective-pom

Maven 将会开始处理并显示 effective-pom。

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.5/maven-clean-plugin-2.5.pom
...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 01:36 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2018-09-05T11:31:28+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 15M/149M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Effective POM 的结果就像在控制台中显示的一样，经过继承、插值之后，使配置生效。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- ================================================================= -->
<!--                                                                   -->
<!-- Generated by Maven Help Plugin on 2012-07-05T11:41:51             -->
<!-- See: http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-help-plugin/           -->
<!--                                                                   -->
<!-- ================================================================= -->
 
<!-- ================================================================= -->
<!--                                                                   -->
<!-- Effective POM for project                                         -->
<!-- 'com.companyname.project-group:project-name:jar:1.0'              -->
<!--                                                                   -->
<!-- ================================================================= -->
 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/
2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 h
ttp://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.companyname.project-group</groupId>
  <artifactId>project</artifactId>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <build>
    <sourceDirectory>C:\MVN\project\src\main\java</sourceDirectory>
    <scriptSourceDirectory>src/main/scripts</scriptSourceDirectory>
    <testSourceDirectory>C:\MVN\project\src\test\java</testSourceDirectory>
    <outputDirectory>C:\MVN\project\target\classes</outputDirectory>
    <testOutputDirectory>C:\MVN\project\target\test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <mergeId>resource-0</mergeId>
        <directory>C:\MVN\project\src\main\resources</directory>
      </resource>
    </resources>
    <testResources>
      <testResource>
        <mergeId>resource-1</mergeId>
        <directory>C:\MVN\project\src\test\resources</directory>
      </testResource>
    </testResources>
    <directory>C:\MVN\project\target</directory>
    <finalName>project-1.0</finalName>
    <pluginManagement>
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>1.3</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.2-beta-2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.4</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-ear-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.3.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-ejb-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-plugin-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.4.3</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-rar-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-release-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.0-beta-8</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.3</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.0-beta-7</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.0.4</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.4.3</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.1-alpha-2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-help-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.1</version>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
  <repositories>
    <repository>
      <snapshots>
        <enabled>false</enabled>
      </snapshots>
      <id>central</id>
      <name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
      <url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
    </repository>
  </repositories>
  <pluginRepositories>
    <pluginRepository>
      <releases>
        <updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
      </releases>
      <snapshots>
        <enabled>false</enabled>
      </snapshots>
      <id>central</id>
      <name>Maven Plugin Repository</name>
      <url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
    </pluginRepository>
  </pluginRepositories>
  <reporting>
    <outputDirectory>C:\MVN\project\target/site</outputDirectory>
  </reporting>
</project>

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