WIN10下创建Ubuntu18.04子系统及安装图形界面

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好派笔记

修改于 2021-09-17 17:00:34

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修改于 2021-09-17 17:00:34

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一．开启WIN10子系统WSL

1.设置开发人员工作模式

设置——>更新和安全——>针对开发人员——>开发人员模式

2.启用WINDOWS子系统功能

控制面板——>程序——>程序和功能——>启用或关闭Windows功能——>适用于Linux的Windows子系统——>确定（然后重启）

二、在应用商店里安装ubuntu

打开微软件应用商店，搜索ubuntu，然后安装

安装完成后，子系统放在这里：

三．进入子系统并查看当前版本信息

root@moonrong:~#?lsb_release?-a

No?LSB?modules?are?available.??
Distributor?ID:?Ubuntu??
Description:????Ubuntu?18.04.1?LTS??
Release:????????18.04??
Codename:???????bionic??
root@moonrong:~#

四.修改默认源为阿里云镜像并更新

1.确认默认源并查看

root@moonrong:~#?cat?/etc/apt/sources.list
#?See?http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes?for?how?to?upgrade?to
#?newer?versions?of?the?distribution.
deb?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic?main?restricted??
#?deb-src?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic?main?restricted
##?Major?bug?fix?updates?produced?after?the?final?release?of?the
##?distribution.
deb?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-updates?main?restricted??
#?deb-src?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-updates?main?restricted
##?N.B.?software?from?this?repository?is?ENTIRELY?UNSUPPORTED?by?the?Ubuntu
##?team.?Also,?please?note?that?software?in?universe?WILL?NOT?receive?any
##?review?or?updates?from?the?Ubuntu?security?team.
deb?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic?universe??
#?deb-src?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic?universe
deb?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-updates?universe??
#?deb-src?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-updates?universe
##?N.B.?software?from?this?repository?is?ENTIRELY?UNSUPPORTED?by?the?Ubuntu
##?team,?and?may?not?be?under?a?free?licence.?Please?satisfy?yourself?as?to
##?your?rights?to?use?the?software.?Also,?please?note?that?software?in
##?multiverse?WILL?NOT?receive?any?review?or?updates?from?the?Ubuntu
##?security?team.
deb?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic?multiverse??
#?deb-src?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic?multiverse
deb?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-updates?multiverse??
#?deb-src?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-updates?multiverse
##?N.B.?software?from?this?repository?may?not?have?been?tested?as
##?extensively?as?that?contained?in?the?main?release,?although?it?includes
##?newer?versions?of?some?applications?which?may?provide?useful?features.
##?Also,?please?note?that?software?in?backports?WILL?NOT?receive?any?review
##?or?updates?from?the?Ubuntu?security?team.
deb?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-backports?main?restricted?universe?multiverse??
#?deb-src?http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-backports?main?restricted?universe?multiverse
##?Uncomment?the?following?two?lines?to?add?software?from?Canonical's
##?'partner'?repository.
##?This?software?is?not?part?of?Ubuntu,?but?is?offered?by?Canonical?and?the
##?respective?vendors?as?a?service?to?Ubuntu?users.
#?deb?http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu?bionic?partner
#?deb-src?http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu?bionic?partner
deb?http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-security?main?restricted??
#?deb-src?http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-security?main?restricted
deb?http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-security?universe??
#?deb-src?http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-security?universe
deb?http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-security?multiverse??
#?deb-src?http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/?bionic-security?multiverse
root@moonrong:~#

2.修改默认源

1）备份原配置文件

root@moonrong:~#?cp?/etc/apt/sources.list?/etc/apt/sources.list.mybak20190227
root@moonrong:~#

2）修改源为阿里云镜像

用VIM进行替换

root@moonrong:~#?vim?/etc/apt/sources.list
root@moonrong:~#
:%s/security.ubuntu/mirrors.aliyun/g??
:%s/archive.ubuntu/mirrors.aliyun/g??

3.更新

root@moonrong:~#?apt?update
Get:1?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial?InRelease?[247?kB]??
Get:2?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-updates?InRelease?[109?kB]??
Get:3?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-security?InRelease?[109?kB]??
Get:4?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial/main?amd64?Packages?[1,201?kB]??
Get:5?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial/main?Translation-en?[568?kB]??
Get:6?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial/restricted?amd64?Packages?[8,344?B]??
Get:7?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial/restricted?Translation-en?[2,908?B]??
Get:8?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial/universe?amd64?Packages?[7,532?kB]??
Get:9?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial/universe?Translation-en?[4,354?kB]??
Get:10?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial/multiverse?amd64?Packages?[144?kB]??
Get:11?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial/multiverse?Translation-en?[106?kB]??
Get:12?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-updates/main?amd64?Packages?[913?kB]??
Get:13?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-updates/main?Translation-en?[368?kB]??
Get:14?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-updates/restricted?amd64?Packages?[7,556?B]??
Get:15?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-updates/restricted?Translation-en?[2,272?B]??
Get:16?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-updates/universe?amd64?Packages?[732?kB]??
Get:17?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-updates/universe?Translation-en?[302?kB]??
Get:18?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-updates/multiverse?amd64?Packages?[16.6?kB]??
Get:19?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-updates/multiverse?Translation-en?[8,440?B]??
Get:20?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-security/main?amd64?Packages?[615?kB]??
Get:21?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-security/main?Translation-en?[254?kB]??
Get:22?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-security/restricted?amd64?Packages?[7,204?B]??
Get:23?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-security/restricted?Translation-en?[2,152?B]??
Get:24?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-security/universe?amd64?Packages?[425?kB]??
Get:25?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-security/universe?Translation-en?[171?kB]??
Get:26?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-security/multiverse?amd64?Packages?[5,600?B]??
Get:27?http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu?xenial-security/multiverse?Translation-en?[2,676?B]??
Fetched?18.2?MB?in?10s?(1,802?kB/s)??
Reading?package?lists...?Done??
Building?dependency?tree??
Reading?state?information...?Done??
208?packages?can?be?upgraded.?Run?'apt?list?--upgradable'?to?see?them.??
root@moonrong:~#