Scikit-LLM：将大语言模型整合进Sklearn的工作流
Scikit-LLM：将大语言模型整合进Sklearn的工作流
我们以前介绍过Pandas和ChaGPT整合，这样可以不了解Pandas的情况下对DataFrame进行操作。现在又有人开源了Scikit-LLM，它结合了强大的语言模型，如ChatGPT和scikit-learn。但这个并不是让我们自动化scikit-learn，而是将scikit-learn和语言模型进行整合，scikit-learn也可以处理文本数据了。
安装
pip install scikit-llm既然要与Open AI的模型整合，就需要他的Key，从Scikit-LLM库中导入SKLLMConfig模块，并添加openAI密钥:
# importing SKLLMConfig to configure OpenAI API (key and Name)
from skllm.config import SKLLMConfig
# Set your OpenAI API key
SKLLMConfig.set_openai_key("<YOUR_KEY>")
# Set your OpenAI organization (optional)
SKLLMConfig.set_openai_org("<YOUR_ORGANIZATION>")ZeroShotGPTClassifier
通过整合ChatGPT不需要专门的训练就可以对文本进行分类。ZeroShotGPTClassifier，就像任何其他scikit-learn分类器一样，使用非常简单。
# importing zeroshotgptclassifier module and classification dataset
from skllm import ZeroShotGPTClassifier
from skllm.datasets import get_classification_dataset
# get classification dataset from sklearn
X, y = get_classification_dataset()
# defining the model
clf = ZeroShotGPTClassifier(openai_model="gpt-3.5-turbo")
# fitting the data
clf.fit(X, y)
# predicting the data
labels = clf.predict(X)Scikit-LLM在结果上经过了特殊处理，确保响应只包含一个有效的标签。如果响应缺少标签，它还可以进行填充，根据它在训练数据中出现的频率为你选择一个标签。
对于我们自己的带标签的数据，只需要提供候选标签的列表，代码是这个样子的：
# importing zeroshotgptclassifier module and classification dataset
from skllm import ZeroShotGPTClassifier
from skllm.datasets import get_classification_dataset
# get classification dataset from sklearn for prediction only
X, _ = get_classification_dataset()
# defining the model
clf = ZeroShotGPTClassifier()
# Since no training so passing the labels only for prediction
clf.fit(None, ['positive', 'negative', 'neutral'])
# predicting the labels
labels = clf.predict(X)MultiLabelZeroShotGPTClassifier
多标签也类似
# importing Multi-Label zeroshot module and classification dataset
from skllm import MultiLabelZeroShotGPTClassifier
from skllm.datasets import get_multilabel_classification_dataset
# get classification dataset from sklearn
X, y = get_multilabel_classification_dataset()
# defining the model
clf = MultiLabelZeroShotGPTClassifier(max_labels=3)
# fitting the model
clf.fit(X, y)
# making predictions
labels = clf.predict(X)创建MultiLabelZeroShotGPTClassifier类的实例时，指定要分配给每个样本的最大标签数量（这里:max_labels=3）
数据没有没有标签怎么办？可以通过提供候选标签列表来训练没有标记数据的分类器。y的类型应该是List[List[str]]。下面是一个没有标记数据的训练示例:
# getting classification dataset for prediction only
X, _ = get_multilabel_classification_dataset()
# Defining all the labels that needs to predicted
candidate_labels = [
"Quality",
"Price",
"Delivery",
"Service",
"Product Variety"
]
# creating the model
clf = MultiLabelZeroShotGPTClassifier(max_labels=3)
# fitting the labels only
clf.fit(None, [candidate_labels])
# predicting the data
labels = clf.predict(X)文本向量化
文本向量化是将文本转换为数字的过程，Scikit-LLM中的GPTVectorizer模块，可以将一段文本(无论文本有多长)转换为固定大小的一组向量。
# Importing the necessary modules and classes
from sklearn.pipeline import Pipeline
from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder
from xgboost import XGBClassifier
# Creating an instance of LabelEncoder class
le = LabelEncoder()
# Encoding the training labels 'y_train' using LabelEncoder
y_train_encoded = le.fit_transform(y_train)
# Encoding the test labels 'y_test' using LabelEncoder
y_test_encoded = le.transform(y_test)
# Defining the steps of the pipeline as a list of tuples
steps = [('GPT', GPTVectorizer()), ('Clf', XGBClassifier())]
# Creating a pipeline with the defined steps
clf = Pipeline(steps)
# Fitting the pipeline on the training data 'X_train' and the encoded training labels 'y_train_encoded'
clf.fit(X_train, y_train_encoded)
# Predicting the labels for the test data 'X_test' using the trained pipeline
yh = clf.predict(X_test)文本摘要
GPT非常擅长总结文本。在Scikit-LLM中有一个叫GPTSummarizer的模块。
# Importing the GPTSummarizer class from the skllm.preprocessing module
from skllm.preprocessing import GPTSummarizer
# Importing the get_summarization_dataset function
from skllm.datasets import get_summarization_dataset
# Calling the get_summarization_dataset function
X = get_summarization_dataset()
# Creating an instance of the GPTSummarizer
s = GPTSummarizer(openai_model='gpt-3.5-turbo', max_words=15)
# Applying the fit_transform method of the GPTSummarizer instance to the input data 'X'.
# It fits the model to the data and generates the summaries, which are assigned to the variable 'summaries'
summaries = s.fit_transform(X)需要注意的是，max_words超参数是对生成摘要中单词数量的灵活限制。虽然max_words为摘要长度设置了一个粗略的目标，但摘要器可能偶尔会根据输入文本的上下文和内容生成略长的摘要。
总结
ChaGPT的火爆使得泛化模型有了更多的进步，这种进步也给我们日常的使用带来了巨大的变革，Scikit-LLM就将LLM整合进了Scikit的工作流，如果你有兴趣，这里是源码：
https://github.com/iryna-kondr/scikit-llm
作者：Fareed Khan