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社区首页 >专栏 >从零开始学VUE之Webpack(搭建本地服务器并分离开发和生产配置)

从零开始学VUE之Webpack(搭建本地服务器并分离开发和生产配置)

作者头像
彼岸舞
发布于 2021-06-07 17:40:32
2.3K0
发布于 2021-06-07 17:40:32
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文章被收录于专栏：java开发的那点事java开发的那点事
  • webpack提供了一个可选的本地开发服务器,这个本地服务器是基于Nodejs搭建的,内部使用express框架,可以实现我们想要的让浏览器自动刷新显示我们修改代码后的结果
  • 不过他是一个单独的模块,在webpack中使用需要安装
代码语言：javascript
复制
npm install --save-dev webpack-dev-server@2.9.3
  • devserver也是作为webpack中的一个选项,选项本身可以设置如下属性
    • contentBase:为哪一个文件夹提供本地服务,默认是根文件夹,我们这里需要填写./dist,让他为我门编译过后的文件提供服务
    • port:端口
    • inline:页面实时刷新
    • historyApiFallback:在SPA页面中,依赖H5的history模式

执行命令安装

代码语言：javascript
复制
D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin>npm install --save-dev webpack-dev-server@2.9.3
npm WARN deprecated chokidar@1.7.0: Chokidar 2 will break on node v14+. Upgrade to chokidar 3 with 15x less dependencies.
npm WARN deprecated fsevents@1.2.13: fsevents 1 will break on node v14+ and could be using insecure binaries. Upgrade to fsevents 2.
npm WARN deprecated uuid@2.0.3: Please upgrade  to version 7 or higher.  Older versions may use Math.random() in certain circumstances, which is known to be problematic.  See https://v8.
dev/blog/math-random for details.
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@^1.0.0 (node_modules\webpack-dev-server\node_modules\chokidar\node_modules\fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@1.2.13: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"win32","arch":"x64"})
npm WARN css-loader@3.6.0 requires a peer of webpack@^4.0.0 || ^5.0.0 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.
npm WARN style-loader@2.0.0 requires a peer of webpack@^4.0.0 || ^5.0.0 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.
npm WARN simpleconfig@1.0.0 No description
npm WARN simpleconfig@1.0.0 No repository field.
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@2.3.2 (node_modules\fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@2.3.2: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"win32","arch":"x64"})
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@1.2.13 (node_modules\watchpack-chokidar2\node_modules\fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@1.2.13: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"win32","arch":"x64"})

+ webpack-dev-server@2.9.3
added 243 packages from 144 contributors and audited 868 packages in 60.568s

46 packages are looking for funding
  run `npm fund` for details

found 15 vulnerabilities (5 low, 9 moderate, 1 high)
  run `npm audit fix` to fix them, or `npm audit` for details

D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin>

安装成功,修改webpack.config.js

代码语言：javascript
复制
// 需要从node依赖中引入 需要添加依赖环境
const path = require('path');
// 导入webpack内置插件
const webpack = require('webpack')
// 导入HtmlWebpackPlugin插件
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin')
// 导入JS压缩插件
const uglifyjsWebpackPlugin = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin')

module.exports = {
    // 配置源码打包位置
    entry: './src/main.js',
    // 配置目标位置
    output: {
        // path 只能写绝对路径 不能写相对路径 但是不要直接写死,需要动态获取文件位置
        path: path.resolve(__dirname,'dist'),
        filename: 'bundle.js'
    },
    module: {
        rules: [
            {
                test: /\.css$/,
                use: [ 'style-loader', 'css-loader' ]
            },
            {
                test: /\.js$/,
                exclude: /(node_modules|bower_components)/,
                use: {
                    loader: 'babel-loader',
                    options: {
                        presets: ['es2015']
                    }
                }
            },
            // 增加.vue文件的loader
            {
                test: /\.vue$/,
                use:['vue-loader']
            }
        ]
    },
    // 使用runtime-compiler
    resolve:{
        alias:{
            'vue$': 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js'
        }
    },
    // 插件
    plugins:[
        // 版权插件
        new webpack.BannerPlugin('最终版权归彼岸舞所有!'),
        // index.html打包插件
        new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
            // 指定模板生成 不然没有id="app"的div 同时删除调用index.html中的 <script>应为会自动添加,所以不需要写
            template: 'index.html'
        }),
        // JS压缩插件
        new uglifyjsWebpackPlugin()
    ],
    // 配置DevServer
    devServer:{
        contentBase:'./dist',
        inline:true
    }
}

应为安装的是局部的,所以在package.json中添加script

代码语言：javascript
复制
{
  "name": "simpleconfig",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "webpack.config.js",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",
    "build": "webpack",
    "dev": "webpack-dev-server"
  },
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "devDependencies": {
    "babel-core": "^6.26.3",
    "babel-loader": "^7.1.5",
    "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.24.1",
    "css-loader": "^3.6.0",
    "html-webpack-plugin": "^3.2.0",
    "style-loader": "^2.0.0",
    "uglifyjs-webpack-plugin": "^1.1.1",
    "vue-loader": "^13.0.0",
    "vue-template-compiler": "^2.6.13",
    "webpack": "^3.6.0",
    "webpack-dev-server": "^2.9.3"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "vue": "^2.6.13"
  }
}

dev对应的就是我们服务启动的命令,配置完成后我们就可以通过npm run dev来启动了

执行命令

代码语言：javascript
复制
D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin>npm run dev

> simpleconfig@1.0.0 dev D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin
> webpack-dev-server
# 默认运行在8080端口
Project is running at http://localhost:8080/
webpack output is served from /
Content not from webpack is served from ./dist
{ parser: "babylon" } is deprecated; we now treat it as { parser: "babel" }.
Hash: 8cc676bfc407cf894680
Version: webpack 3.6.0
Time: 5054ms
     Asset       Size  Chunks                    Chunk Names
 bundle.js     278 kB       0  [emitted]  [big]  main
index.html  218 bytes          [emitted]
   [0] (webpack)/buildin/global.js 509 bytes {0} [built]
   [2] ./node_modules/process/browser.js 5.42 kB {0} [built]
   [3] ./node_modules/babel-loader/lib!./node_modules/vue-loader/lib/selector.js?type=script&index=0!./src/js/App.vue 166 bytes {0} [built]
   [4] multi (webpack)-dev-server/client?http://localhost:8080 ./src/main.js 40 bytes {0} [built]
   [5] (webpack)-dev-server/client?http://localhost:8080 7.95 kB {0} [built]
   [6] ./node_modules/url/url.js 23.3 kB {0} [built]
  [13] ./node_modules/strip-ansi/index.js 161 bytes {0} [built]
  [15] ./node_modules/loglevel/lib/loglevel.js 8.86 kB {0} [built]
  [16] (webpack)-dev-server/client/socket.js 1.05 kB {0} [built]
  [18] (webpack)-dev-server/client/overlay.js 3.73 kB {0} [built]
  [24] (webpack)/hot nonrecursive ^\.\/log$ 170 bytes {0} [built]
  [26] (webpack)/hot/emitter.js 77 bytes {0} [built]
  [28] ./src/main.js 534 bytes {0} [built]
  [29] ./node_modules/vue/dist/vue.esm.js 328 kB {0} [built]
  [32] ./src/js/App.vue 1.83 kB {0} [built]
    + 25 hidden modules
Child html-webpack-plugin for "index.html":
     1 asset
       [0] ./node_modules/html-webpack-plugin/lib/loader.js!./index.html 375 bytes {0} [built]
       [1] ./node_modules/lodash/lodash.js 544 kB {0} [built]
       [2] (webpack)/buildin/global.js 509 bytes {0} [built]
       [3] (webpack)/buildin/module.js 517 bytes {0} [built]
webpack: Compiled successfully.

启动成功,默认运行在8080端口,可以通过http://localhost:8080/访问

运行结果

如果想要在启动成功后自动打开浏览器访问页面的话可以添加参数 --open来实现

代码语言：javascript
复制
"dev": "webpack-dev-server --open"

但是现在还是存在一些问题的,比如我们在开发中并不需要对JS文件进行压缩,在构建的时候也不需要本地服务器的配置,这时我们就可以对配置文件进行抽离,形成单独的开发配置和生产配置

在项目中新增build文件夹,然后新建三个JS

base.config.js用于存放公共的配置,也就是开发和生产都需要的

代码语言：javascript
复制
const path = require('path');

module.exports = {
    entry: './src/main.js',
    output: {
      // 应为修改了文件路径所以需要找到上一级路径,不然打包后就是在build/dist中的
        path: path.resolve(__dirname,'../dist'),
        filename: 'bundle.js'
    },
    module: {
        rules: [
            {
                test: /\.css$/,
                use: [ 'style-loader', 'css-loader' ]
            },
            {
                test: /\.js$/,
                exclude: /(node_modules|bower_components)/,
                use: {
                    loader: 'babel-loader',
                    options: {
                        presets: ['es2015']
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                test: /\.vue$/,
                use:['vue-loader']
            }
        ]
    },
    resolve:{
        alias:{
            'vue$': 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js'
        }
    }
}

prod.config.js 里面存放构建生产时存放的配置

代码语言：javascript
复制
const webpack = require('webpack')
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin')
const uglifyjsWebpackPlugin = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin')

module.exports = {
    plugins:[
        new webpack.BannerPlugin('最终版权归彼岸舞所有!'),
        new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
            template: 'index.html'
        }),
        new uglifyjsWebpackPlugin()
    ]
}

dev.config.js 里面存放开发时存放的配置

代码语言：javascript
复制
module.exports = {
    devServer:{
        contentBase:'./dist',
        inline:true
    }
}

虽然这个时候三个配置文件是分离的,但是webpack并不认识三个文件,这个时候就需要一个插件了

代码语言：javascript
复制
npm install webpack-merge --save-dev

执行安装

代码语言：javascript
复制
D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin>npm install webpack-merge --save-dev
npm WARN css-loader@3.6.0 requires a peer of webpack@^4.0.0 || ^5.0.0 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.
npm WARN style-loader@2.0.0 requires a peer of webpack@^4.0.0 || ^5.0.0 but none is installed. You must install peer dependencies yourself.
npm WARN simpleconfig@1.0.0 No description
npm WARN simpleconfig@1.0.0 No repository field.
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@2.3.2 (node_modules\fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@2.3.2: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"win32","arch":"x64"})
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@1.2.13 (node_modules\watchpack-chokidar2\node_modules\fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@1.2.13: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"win32","arch":"x64"})
npm WARN optional SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: fsevents@1.2.13 (node_modules\webpack-dev-server\node_modules\fsevents):
npm WARN notsup SKIPPING OPTIONAL DEPENDENCY: Unsupported platform for fsevents@1.2.13: wanted {"os":"darwin","arch":"any"} (current: {"os":"win32","arch":"x64"})

+ webpack-merge@5.7.3
added 6 packages from 11 contributors and audited 874 packages in 6.514s

46 packages are looking for funding
  run `npm fund` for details

found 15 vulnerabilities (5 low, 9 moderate, 1 high)
  run `npm audit fix` to fix them, or `npm audit` for details

D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin>

安装成功

修改prod.config.js

代码语言：javascript
复制
const webpack = require('webpack')
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin')
const uglifyjsWebpackPlugin = require('uglifyjs-webpack-plugin')
// 导入base.config.js
const baseConfig = require("./base.config")
// 导入合并插件
const webpackMerge = require('webpack-merge')

// 合并导出文件
module.exports = webpackMerge(baseConfig,{
    plugins:[
        new webpack.BannerPlugin('最终版权归彼岸舞所有!'),
        new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
            template: 'index.html'
        }),
        new uglifyjsWebpackPlugin()
    ]
})

修改dev.config.js

代码语言：javascript
复制
// 导入base.config.js
const baseConfig = require("./base.config")
// 导入合并插件
const webpackMerge = require('webpack-merge')

// 合并导出文件
module.exports = webpackMerge(baseConfig,{
    devServer:{
        contentBase:'./dist',
        inline:true
    }
})

现在就可以删除外面的webpack.config.js了

修改package.json 应为我们的配置文件已经变更所以需要修改文件中的script对应的命令

代码语言：javascript
复制
{
  "name": "simpleconfig",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "webpack.config.js",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",
    "build": "webpack --config build/prod.config.js",
    "dev": "webpack-dev-server --open --config build/dev.config.js"
  },
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "devDependencies": {
    "babel-core": "^6.26.3",
    "babel-loader": "^7.1.5",
    "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.24.1",
    "css-loader": "^3.6.0",
    "html-webpack-plugin": "^3.2.0",
    "style-loader": "^2.0.0",
    "uglifyjs-webpack-plugin": "^1.1.1",
    "vue-loader": "^13.0.0",
    "vue-template-compiler": "^2.6.13",
    "webpack": "^3.6.0",
    "webpack-dev-server": "^2.9.3",
    "webpack-merge": "^5.7.3"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "vue": "^2.6.13"
  }
}

可以看到我们在后面指定了开发服务器和打包的配置文件

先删除dist中的文件,执行一下打包

代码语言：javascript
复制
D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin>npm run build

> simpleconfig@1.0.0 build D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin
> webpack --config build/prod.config.js

D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin\build\prod.config.js:10
module.exports = webpackMerge(baseConfig,{
                 ^

TypeError: webpackMerge is not a function
    at Object.<anonymous> (D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin\build\prod.config.js:10:18)
    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1063:30)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1092:10)
    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:928:32)
    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:769:14)
    at Module.require (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:952:19)
    at require (internal/modules/cjs/helpers.js:88:18)
    at requireConfig (D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin\node_modules\webpack\bin\convert-argv.js:97:18)
    at D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin\node_modules\webpack\bin\convert-argv.js:104:17
    at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
    at module.exports (D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin\node_modules\webpack\bin\convert-argv.js:102:15)
    at D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin\node_modules\webpack\bin\webpack.js:171:41
    at Object.Yargs.self.parse (D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin\node_modules\yargs\yargs.js:533:18)
    at Object.<anonymous> (D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin\node_modules\webpack\bin\webpack.js:152:7)
    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1063:30)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1092:10)
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno 1
npm ERR! simpleconfig@1.0.0 build: `webpack --config build/prod.config.js`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Failed at the simpleconfig@1.0.0 build script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     C:\Users\ext.zhangyugen1\AppData\Roaming\npm-cache\_logs\2021-06-04T10_35_30_252Z-debug.log

D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin>

emm又报错了webpackMerge不是一个函数,估计又是版本问题,我giao

修改版本,重新npm install

执行成功

警告消失重新,打包

代码语言：javascript
复制
D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin>npm run build

> simpleconfig@1.0.0 build D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin
> webpack --config build/prod.config.js

{ parser: "babylon" } is deprecated; we now treat it as { parser: "babel" }.
Hash: bd482771cd069947084b
Version: webpack 3.6.0
Time: 3140ms
     Asset       Size  Chunks             Chunk Names
 bundle.js     132 kB       0  [emitted]  main
index.html  218 bytes          [emitted]
   [0] (webpack)/buildin/global.js 509 bytes {0} [built]
   [2] ./node_modules/babel-loader/lib!./node_modules/vue-loader/lib/selector.js?type=script&index=0!./src/js/App.vue 166 bytes {0} [built]
   [3] ./src/main.js 534 bytes {0} [built]
   [7] ./src/js/App.vue 1.83 kB {0} [built]
   [8] ./node_modules/vue-style-loader!./node_modules/css-loader/dist/cjs.js!./node_modules/vue-loader/lib/style-compiler?{"vue":true,"id":"data-v-3ea74058","scoped":true,"hasInlineConfi
g":false}!./node_modules/vue-loader/lib/selector.js?type=styles&index=0!./src/js/App.vue 1.58 kB {0} [built]
   [9] ./node_modules/css-loader/dist/cjs.js!./node_modules/vue-loader/lib/style-compiler?{"vue":true,"id":"data-v-3ea74058","scoped":true,"hasInlineConfig":false}!./node_modules/vue-loa
der/lib/selector.js?type=styles&index=0!./src/js/App.vue 286 bytes {0} [built]
  [14] ./node_modules/vue-loader/lib/template-compiler?{"id":"data-v-3ea74058","hasScoped":true,"buble":{"transforms":{}}}!./node_modules/vue-loader/lib/selector.js?type=template&index=0
!./src/js/App.vue 497 bytes {0} [built]
    + 8 hidden modules
Child html-webpack-plugin for "index.html":
     1 asset
       [0] ./node_modules/html-webpack-plugin/lib/loader.js!./index.html 375 bytes {0} [built]
       [2] (webpack)/buildin/global.js 509 bytes {0} [built]
       [3] (webpack)/buildin/module.js 517 bytes {0} [built]
        + 1 hidden module

D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin>

打包成功,可以看到我们使用了prod.config.js文件

运行一下开发环境,尝试一下

代码语言：javascript
复制
D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin>npm run dev

> simpleconfig@1.0.0 dev D:\zhangyugen@jd.com\vue\day1\html\4.从0开始学VUE\simpleplugin
> webpack-dev-server --open --config build/dev.config.js

Project is running at http://localhost:8080/
webpack output is served from /
Content not from webpack is served from ./dist
webpack: wait until bundle finished: /
{ parser: "babylon" } is deprecated; we now treat it as { parser: "babel" }.
Hash: 2f2aac7a4952e288cc5b
Version: webpack 3.6.0
Time: 1351ms
    Asset    Size  Chunks                    Chunk Names
bundle.js  696 kB       0  [emitted]  [big]  main
   [0] (webpack)/buildin/global.js 509 bytes {0} [built]
   [2] ./node_modules/process/browser.js 5.42 kB {0} [built]
   [3] ./node_modules/babel-loader/lib!./node_modules/vue-loader/lib/selector.js?type=script&index=0!./src/js/App.vue 166 bytes {0} [built]
   [4] multi (webpack)-dev-server/client?http://localhost:8080 ./src/main.js 40 bytes {0} [built]
   [5] (webpack)-dev-server/client?http://localhost:8080 7.95 kB {0} [built]
   [6] ./node_modules/url/url.js 23.3 kB {0} [built]
  [13] ./node_modules/strip-ansi/index.js 161 bytes {0} [built]
  [15] ./node_modules/loglevel/lib/loglevel.js 8.86 kB {0} [built]
  [16] (webpack)-dev-server/client/socket.js 1.05 kB {0} [built]
  [18] (webpack)-dev-server/client/overlay.js 3.73 kB {0} [built]
  [24] (webpack)/hot nonrecursive ^\.\/log$ 170 bytes {0} [built]
  [26] (webpack)/hot/emitter.js 77 bytes {0} [built]
  [28] ./src/main.js 534 bytes {0} [built]
  [29] ./node_modules/vue/dist/vue.esm.js 328 kB {0} [built]
  [32] ./src/js/App.vue 1.83 kB {0} [built]
    + 25 hidden modules
webpack: Compiled successfully.

运行成功,并且使用的是dev.config.js配置文件

啊啊啊啊啊啊~webpack中与写完了,下一章从开始写Vue-cli

作者：彼岸舞

时间：2021\06\07

内容关于：VUE

本文属于作者原创,未经允许,禁止转发

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原始发表：2021-06-07 ，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除
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