grapheme_extract
(PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, PHP 7, PECL intl >= 1.0.0)
grapheme_extract — Function to extract a sequence of default grapheme clusters from a text buffer, which must be encoded in UTF-8.
Description
Procedural style
string grapheme_extract ( string $haystack , int $size [, int $extract_type [, int $start = 0 [, int &$next ]]] )Function to extract a sequence of default grapheme clusters from a text buffer, which must be encoded in UTF-8.
Parameters
haystack
String to search.
size
Maximum number items - based on the $extract_type - to return.
extract_type
Defines the type of units referred to by the $size parameter:
- GRAPHEME_EXTR_COUNT (default) - $size is the number of default grapheme clusters to extract.
- GRAPHEME_EXTR_MAXBYTES - $size is the maximum number of bytes returned.
- GRAPHEME_EXTR_MAXCHARS - $size is the maximum number of UTF-8 characters returned.
start
Starting position in $haystack in bytes - if given, it must be zero or a positive value that is less than or equal to the length of $haystack in bytes, or a negative value that counts from the end of $haystack. If $start does not point to the first byte of a UTF-8 character, the start position is moved to the next character boundary.
next
Reference to a value that will be set to the next starting position. When the call returns, this may point to the first byte position past the end of the string.
Return Values
A string starting at offset $start and ending on a default grapheme cluster boundary that conforms to the $size and $extract_type specified.
Changelog
Version | Description |
|---|---|
7.1.0 | Support for negative starts has been added. |
Examples
Example #1 grapheme_extract() example
<?php
$char_a_ring_nfd?=?"a\xCC\x8A";??//?'LATIN?SMALL?LETTER?A?WITH?RING?ABOVE'?(U+00E5)?normalization?form?"D"
$char_o_diaeresis_nfd?=?"o\xCC\x88";?//?'LATIN?SMALL?LETTER?O?WITH?DIAERESIS'?(U+00F6)?normalization?form?"D"
print?urlencode(grapheme_extract(?$char_a_ring_nfd?.?$char_o_diaeresis_nfd,?1,?GRAPHEME_EXTR_COUNT,?2));
?>The above example will output:
o%CC%88See Also
- grapheme_substr() - Return part of a string
grapheme_stripos →
? 1997–2017 The PHP Documentation GroupLicensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License v3.0 or later.
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