getopt
(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5, PHP 7)
getopt — Gets options from the command line argument list
Description
array getopt ( string $options [, array $longopts [, int &$optind ]] )
Parses options passed to the script.
Parameters
options
Each character in this string will be used as option characters and matched against options passed to the script starting with a single hyphen (-). For example, an option string "x" recognizes an option -x. Only a-z, A-Z and 0-9 are allowed. longopts
An array of options. Each element in this array will be used as option strings and matched against options passed to the script starting with two hyphens (--). For example, an longopts element "opt" recognizes an option --opt. optind
If the optind
parameter is present, then the index where argument parsing stopped will be written to this variable.
The options
parameter may contain the following elements:
- Individual characters (do not accept values)
- Characters followed by a colon (parameter requires value)
- Characters followed by two colons (optional value)
Option values are the first argument after the string. If a value is required, it does not matter whether the value has leading white space or not. See note.
Note: Optional values do not accept " " (space) as a separator.
Note: The format for the
options
andlongopts
is almost the same, the only difference is thatlongopts
takes an array of options (where each element is the option) whereasoptions
takes a string (where each character is the option).
Return Values
This function will return an array of option / argument pairs, or FALSE
on failure.
Note: The parsing of options will end at the first non-option found, anything that follows is discarded.
Changelog
Version | Description |
---|---|
7.1.0 | Added the optind parameter. |
5.3.0 | Added support for "=" as argument/value separator. |
5.3.0 | Added support for optional values (specified with "::"). |
5.3.0 | Parameter longopts is available on all systems. |
5.3.0 | This function is no longer system dependent, and now works on Windows, too. |
Examples
Example #1 getopt() example: The basics
<?php
//?Script?example.php
$options?=?getopt("f:hp:");
var_dump($options);
?>
shell> php example.php -fvalue -h
The above example will output:
array(2) {
["f"]=>
string(5) "value"
["h"]=>
bool(false)
}
Example #2 getopt() example: Introducing long options
<?php
//?Script?example.php
$shortopts??=?"";
$shortopts?.=?"f:";??//?Required?value
$shortopts?.=?"v::";?//?Optional?value
$shortopts?.=?"abc";?//?These?options?do?not?accept?values
$longopts??=?array(
????"required:",?????//?Required?value
????"optional::",????//?Optional?value
????"option",????????//?No?value
????"opt",???????????//?No?value
);
$options?=?getopt($shortopts,?$longopts);
var_dump($options);
?>
shell> php example.php -f "value for f" -v -a --required value --optional="optional value" --option
The above example will output:
array(6) {
["f"]=>
string(11) "value for f"
["v"]=>
bool(false)
["a"]=>
bool(false)
["required"]=>
string(5) "value"
["optional"]=>
string(14) "optional value"
["option"]=>
bool(false)
}
Example #3 getopt() example: Passing multiple options as one
<?php
//?Script?example.php
$options?=?getopt("abc");
var_dump($options);
?>
shell> php example.php -aaac
The above example will output:
array(2) {
["a"]=>
array(3) {
[0]=>
bool(false)
[1]=>
bool(false)
[2]=>
bool(false)
}
["c"]=>
bool(false)
}
Example #4 getopt() example: Using optind
<?php
//?Script?example.php
$optind?=?null;
$opts?=?getopt('a:b:',?[],?$optind);
$pos_args?=?array_slice($argv,?$optind);
var_dump($pos_args);
shell> php example.php -a 1 -b 2 -- test
The above example will output:
array(1) {
[0]=>
string(4) "test"
}
See Also
- $argv
← getmyuid
getrusage →
? 1997–2017 The PHP Documentation Group
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License v3.0 or later.
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